Huwag Malito! Shirimasu vs Wakarimasu โ Japanese Quiz of the Day ๐
Kamusta, ka-Nihongo! Kumusta ang iyong Japanese study journey? May mga pagkakataon ba na naguguluhan ka sa dalawang salitang โshirimasuโ at โwakarimasuโ? Hindi ka nag-iisa! Maraming beginners ang nalilito kung paano sasabihin ang โI knowโ sa Japanese. Sa blog post na ito, tutulungan ka naming maintindihan ang pagkakaiba at tamang paggamit ng dalawang ito. Tara, simulan na natin! ๐ฏ๐ตโจ
ใใใซใกใฏใๆฅๆฌ่ชๅญฆ็ฟ่ ใฎใฟใชใใ๏ผใ็ฅใใพใ๏ผใใใพใ๏ผใใจใๅใใใพใ๏ผใใใใพใ๏ผใใฎไฝฟใๅใใซๆฉใใงใใพใใใ๏ผใใฎไบใคใฏใฉใกใใใ็ฅใใใจใใๆๅณใซ่ฟใใงใใใไฝฟใๅ ด้ขใ้ใใพใใใใฎ่จไบใงใฏใใใฎ้ใใใใใใใใ่ชฌๆใใพใใๆๅพใพใง่ชญใใงใใใฃใใใในใฟใผใใพใใใ๏ผ
ๆฅๆฌ่ชใงใฏใใ็ฅใฃใฆใใใใจใๅใใฃใฆใใใใฏไผผใฆใใพใใใๅฎใฏๅคงใใช้ใใใใใพใใไพใใฐใๅ้ใซใคใใฆใ็ฅใฃใฆใใใใจ่จใใจใใฏ โshitte iruโ ใไฝฟใใพใใใๆฐๅญฆใฎๅ้กใใๅใใฃใฆใใใใจ่จใใจใใฏ โwakatte iruโ ใไฝฟใใพใใ้ข็ฝใใงใใญ๏ผ
๐ Japanese Quiz of the Day
Question: Which sentence correctly means โI know Mr. Tanakaโ?
A) ็ฐไธญใใใ็ฅใใพใ (Tanaka-san o shirimasu)
B) ็ฐไธญใใใ็ฅใฃใฆใใพใ (Tanaka-san o shitte imasu)
C) ็ฐไธญใใใๅใใใพใ (Tanaka-san ga wakarimasu)
ใฟใฉใฉใณ๏ผๆญฃ่งฃใฏโฆ B ใงใ๏ผ
โ Answer: B – ็ฐไธญใใใ็ฅใฃใฆใใพใ
Explanation: Ang tamang sagot ay B! Heto kung bakit: Sa Japanese, kapag sinabi mong โI knowโ a person, place, or fact, gagamitin mo ang verb na ็ฅใ (shiru) pero sa kanyang ใใฆใใ (te-iru) form: ็ฅใฃใฆใใพใ (shitte imasu). Kasi ang โknowingโ ay isang state, hindi lang one-time action. Parang sinasabi mong โI am in the state of knowingโ kaya laging ็ฅใฃใฆใใพใ ang gamit para sa present tense.
Si ็ฅใใพใ (shirimasu) naman (choice A), sobrang bihira gamitin para sabihing โI knowโ ngayon. Madalas ito ay parang โI will knowโ o โI get to know.โ Kaya mali siya para sa ibig nating sabihin.
At si ๅใใใพใ (wakarimasu) (choice C)? Ito ay โI understand.โ Kaya kapag sinabi mong โTanaka-san ga wakarimasu,โ para mong sinabing โI understand Mr. Tanakaโโmedyo kakaiba, โdi ba? Unless gusto mong sabihin na naiintindihan mo ang kanyang pagkatao o nararamdaman, pero kung simpleng โkilala ko siya,โ hindi ito ang tama.
ใคใพใใใ็ฐไธญใใใ็ฅใฃใฆใใพใใใฏใ็ฐไธญใใใจใใไบบใๅไบบ็ใซ็ฅใฃใฆใใใ้ข่ญใใใใจใใๆๅณใงใใไธๆนใใ็ฅใใพใใใฏๆชๆฅใฎใใจใ่กจใใใๅใใใพใใใฏ็่งฃใๆๅณใใใฎใงใไบบ็ฉใใ็ฅใฃใฆใใใใจใใ็ถๆ ใ่กจใใซใฏไธ้ฉๅใชใฎใงใใ
1. ๅ่ฉใ็ฅใ (shiru)ใใฎๆญฃใใไฝฟใๆน ๐ฏ๐ต
Letโs start with the verb ็ฅใ (shiru). It basically means โto knowโ in the sense of being acquainted with someone or being aware of a fact. However, thereโs a catch: you canโt use it in the simple present tense (shirimasu) to say โI knowโ right now. Instead, you must use the te-iru form: ็ฅใฃใฆใใพใ (shitte imasu). Why? Because โknowingโ is a state that continues. Think of it like โI am knowingโ or โI am in the state of knowledge.โ In English, we say โI know,โ but Japanese perceives it as a resulting state from having gotten to know something.
ใ็ฅใใใฏใ็ฅ่ญใๅพใใใจใใ็ฌ้็ใชๅใใฎๅ่ฉใงใใใ่ฑ่ชใฎ โknowโ ใจใฏ้ใใ็พๅจใฎ็ถๆ ใ่กจใใซใฏใ็ฅใฃใฆใใใใจใใๅฝขใไฝฟใใพใใไพใใฐใใ็งใฏ็ฐไธญใใใ็ฅใฃใฆใใใใฏ โI know Mr. Tanakaโ ใงใใใใๆจๆฅใ็ฐไธญใใใ็ฅใฃใใใงใฏใใใพใใใใงใใใใๅใใฆไผใฃใใจใใซใฏใ็ฅใๅใใใจใใๅ่ฉใไฝฟใใใพใใใ็พๅจใฎ้ขไฟใ่จใใชใใ็ฅใฃใฆใใใใ่ช็ถใงใใ
ๅ ็ใใใฎใฏใณใใคใณใใขใใใคในใงใใใ็ฅใฃใฆใใพใใใฏ็พๅจใฎ็ถๆ ใใ็ฅใใพใใใฏๆชๆฅใฎๅบๆฅไบใงใใไพใใฐใใๆฅๆใๆฐใใๅ ็ใ็ฅใใพใใใจ่จใใจใใๆฅๆใๆฐใใๅ ็ใ็ฅใใใจใซใชใใใจใใๆๅณใงใใพใ ็ฅใใชใ็ถๆ ใงใใไฝฟใๅใใใใฃใใ่ฆใใพใใใใ
2. ๅ่ฉใๅใใ (wakaru)ใใฎๆญฃไฝใจใฏ๏ผ
Now letโs talk about ๅใใ (wakaru). This verb is all about comprehension and understanding. When you get a lesson, understand an instruction, or grasp the meaning of a word, you use ๅใใ. Note the particle: usually itโs ใ (ga). For example, ๆฅๆฌ่ชใๅใใใพใ (Nihongo ga wakarimasu) = I understand Japanese. You might have heard some learners mistakenly say ๆฅๆฌ่ชใ็ฅใฃใฆใใพใ to mean they understand the language, but actually, ็ฅใฃใฆใใพใ means โI know (of) Japaneseโ โ like knowing it exists. To express ability to understand, use ๅใใใพใ.
ใๅใใใใฏใใ็่งฃใใใใๆๅณใใฏใฃใใใใใใจใใๆๅณใงใใๆฅๆฌ่ชใฎๅๅผทใงใใใฎๆๆณใๅใใใใๅ ็ใฎ่ชฌๆใๅใใใใชใฉใจไฝฟใใพใใญใใพใใไบบ็ฉใซๅฏพใใฆใใ็ฐไธญใใใๅใใใใจ่จใใจใใ็ฐไธญใใใฎ่จใฃใฆใใใใจใ่ใใฆใใใใจใ็่งฃใงใใใใจใใใใฅใขใณในใงใไบบๆ ผใๆๆกใใฆใใใใใงใฏใใใพใใใๅใซใ็ฅใฃใฆใใใใจใใ้ข่ญใจใฏๅฅ็ฉใงใใ
ใพใใใๅใใใใฏ่ชๅ่ฉใงใ้ๅธธใฏใใใๆ ผใไฝฟใใพใใใใๅใใใใฏๆๆณ็ใซไธ่ช็ถใชๅ ดๅใๅคใใฎใงๆณจๆใใฆใใ ใใใใๅฝผใฎๆฐๆใกใๅใใใใจ่จใใจใใๅฝผใฎๆฐๆใกใ็่งฃใใใใจใใ่ช็ถใชๆฅๆฌ่ชใซใชใใพใใ
3. ็ฅใฃใฆใใพใ vs ๅใใใพใ๏ผๆฑบๅฎ็ใช้ใ ๐
Upang mas malinaw, gumawa tayo ng konkretong eksena. Si Maria, isang estudyante mula sa Manila, ay gustong sabihin sa kanyang kaibigang Hapon na kilala niya si Suzuki-sensei, ang kanilang guro. Sinabi niya, โSuzuki-sensei o shirimasu.โ Nagtaka ang kaibigan. Pagkatapos ng ilang paliwanag, natutunan ni Maria na ang dapat niyang sabihin ay โSuzuki-sensei o shitte imasu.โ Ngayon, tuwing may bagong kakilala, confident na siyang magpakilala gamit ang tamang expression. Ang resulta? Mas natural ang kanyang Japanese conversation at naunawaan agad ng kausap.
ๅ ทไฝ็ใชๅ ด้ขใๆณๅใใฆใฟใพใใใใใใชใขใใใฏใใฃใชใใณไบบๆฅๆฌ่ชๅญฆ็ฟ่ ใงใใใใๆฅใๆฅๆฌไบบใฎๅ้ใซใ้ดๆจๅ ็ใ็ฅใฃใฆใใพใใ๏ผใใจ่ใใใฆใใใฏใใ้ดๆจๅ ็ใ็ฅใใพใใใจ็ญใใฆใใพใใพใใใๅ้ใฏใใ๏ผใใใใ็ฅใใฎ๏ผใใจๆททไนฑใใพใใใๆญฃใใใฏใใฏใใ็ฅใฃใฆใใพใใใงใใใใชใขใใใฏใใฎ็ต้จใใใใ็ฅใฃใฆใใใใจใ็ฅใใใฎ้ใใๆทฑใๅญฆใณใไปใงใฏๅฎ็งใซไฝฟใใใชใใฆใใพใใ
Sa madaling salita, gamitin ang ็ฅใฃใฆใใพใ kapag:
- Kilala mo ang isang tao
- Alam mo ang isang katotohanan (hal. ang pangalan ng presidente)
Gamitin ang ๅใใใพใ kapag:
- Naiintindihan mo ang isang bagay (aralin, salita, damdamin)
- Malinaw sa iyo ang isang konsepto
ใพใจใใใจใๆฌกใฎใใใซใชใใพใใ
- ไบบ็ฉใ็ฅใฃใฆใใ โ ็ฅใฃใฆใใพใ
- ไบๅฎใ็ฅใฃใฆใใ โ ็ฅใฃใฆใใพใ
- ่จ่ชใๅ ๅฎนใ็่งฃใใ โ ๅใใใพใ
- ็ธๆใฎ่จใฃใฆใใใใจใๅใใ โ ๅใใใพใ
Thereโs also the negative forms: ็ฅใใพใใ (shirimasen) = โI donโt knowโ (ignorance of a fact or person); ๅใใใพใใ (wakarimasen) = โI donโt understandโ (lack of comprehension). Madalas ito ang unang natututunan ng students. Pero tandaan: kung tatanungin ka ng โ็ฐไธญใใใ็ฅใฃใฆใใพใใ๏ผโ at hindi mo talaga kilala, ang sagot ay โใใใใ็ฅใใพใใโ (No, I donโt know him). Kung ang tanong ay โใใฎๅ้กใๅใใใพใใ๏ผโ (Do you understand this problem?), at hindi mo maintindihan, sagot mo โใใใใๅใใใพใใโ (No, I donโt understand). Nakikita mo na ang pattern?
ๅฆๅฎๅฝขใ้่ฆใงใใใ็ฅใใพใใใใฏๅใซ็ฅ่ญใใชใใใๅใใใพใใใใฏ็่งฃใใงใใชใใจใใๆๅณใใพใใใ็ฅใฃใฆใใชใใใใใ็ฅใใพใใใใฎๆนใไธ่ฌ็ใงใใใ็ฅใใใฎๅฆๅฎๅฝขใฏใ็ฅใใชใใโไธๅฏงๅฝขใ็ฅใใพใใใใงใใใๅใใฃใฆใใชใใใใๅใใใชใใใไฝฟใใใจใๅคใใงใใ
๐ Vocabulary Table โ Mga Salitang Dapat Tandaan
Para mas tumatak, narito ang talahanayan ng mga mahahalagang salita na tinalakay natin. Basahin nang malakas at tandaan ang reading at gamit.
ไปๅๅญฆใใ ๅ่ชใ่กจใซใพใจใใพใใใ่ชญใฟๆนใจๆๅณใ็ขบ่ชใใพใใใใ
| Japanese | Reading | English | Tagalog |
|---|---|---|---|
| ็ฅใฃใฆใใพใ | ใใฃใฆใใพใ | I know (person/fact) | Kilala ko / Alam ko |
| ็ฅใใพใใ | ใใใพใใ | I don’t know | Hindi ko kilala / Hindi ko alam |
| ็ฅใใพใ | ใใใพใ | I will know / get to know | Malalaman ko / Makikilala ko |
| ๅใใใพใ | ใใใใพใ | I understand | Naiintindihan ko |
| ๅใใใพใใ | ใใใใพใใ | I don’t understand | Hindi ko naiintindihan |
| ๅ้ | ใจใใ ใก | Friend | Kaibigan |
| ๅ ็ | ใใใใ | Teacher | Guro |
| ๅๅ | ใชใพใ | Name | Pangalan |
| ๆๅณ | ใใฟ | Meaning | Kahulugan |
| ่ณชๅ | ใใคใใ | Question | Tanong |
โ๏ธ Try It Yourself! Subukan Mo Na!
Ngayon, subukan natin ang iyong natutunan. Punan ng tamang Japanese verb (็ฅใฃใฆใใพใ / ็ฅใใพใใ / ๅใใใพใ / ๅใใใพใใ) ang bawat pangungusap batay sa English o Tagalog. I-click ang arrow para makita ang sagot!
ใงใฏใ็ทด็ฟๅ้กใงใใไปฅไธใฎๆใฎ๏ผใ๏ผใซ้ฉๅใชๅฝขใๅ ฅใใฆใฟใพใใใใ็ญใใฏใฏใชใใฏใง่กจ็คบใใใพใใ
1. I know that person. (Kilala ko ang taong iyon.)
โ ใใฎไบบใ็ฅใฃใฆใใพใ (ano hito o shitte imasu)
2. I understand Japanese a little. (Naiintindihan ko ang kaunting Japanese.)
โ ๆฅๆฌ่ชใๅฐใๅใใใพใ (Nihongo ga sukoshi wakarimasu)
3. Do you know Mr. Suzuki? (Kilala mo ba si Mr. Suzuki?)
โ ้ดๆจใใใ็ฅใฃใฆใใพใใ (Suzuki-san o shitte imasu ka)
4. I don’t understand this exercise. (Hindi ko maintindihan ang exercise na ito.)
โ ใใฎ็ทด็ฟใๅใใใพใใ (Kono renshuu ga wakarimasen)
5. I will know the result tomorrow. (Malalaman ko ang resulta bukas.)
โ ๆๆฅใ็ตๆใ็ฅใใพใ (Ashita, kekka o shirimasu)
6. She knows his name. (Alam niya ang pangalan niya.)
โ ๅฝผๅฅณใฏๅฝผใฎๅๅใ็ฅใฃใฆใใพใ (Kanojo wa kare no namae o shitte imasu)
Kamusta? Nakuha mo ba lahat? Kung may mali, huwag mag-alala! Laging tandaan: practice makes perfect. Ulit-ulitin lang ang examples at gamitin sa aktwal na usapan. ๐ฏ๐ต๐ช
็ทด็ฟๅ้กใฏใฉใใงใใใ๏ผ้้ใใฆใๅคงไธๅคซ๏ผ็นฐใ่ฟใ็ทด็ฟใใฆใ่ช็ถใซไฝฟใใใใใซใชใใพใใใใ
๐ ใใใใ่ณชๅ (FAQ)
Q1: ใชใใ็ฅใฃใฆใใพใใใฏใ็ฅใใพใใใจ่จใใชใใฎใงใใ๏ผ (Bakit hindi puwedeng “shirimasu” para sa “I know”?)
Answer: Kasi ang โshirimasuโ ay nagpapahiwatig ng future action, parang โI will get to know.โ Ang tamang current state ay โshitte imasuโ dahil ang โknowingโ ay estado. Kaya laging gamitin ang te-iru form para sa present tense. Sa Japanese, ang pandiwa na nagsasaad ng pagbabago ng estado (tulad ng โmalamanโ) ay nangangailangan ng -te iru upang ipakita ang resulta ng pagbabagong iyon.
ใ็ฅใใใฏ็ตๆ็ถๆ ใ่กจใๅ่ฉใฎใใใใ็ฅใฃใฆใใใใ็พๅจใฎ็ถๆ ใ็คบใใพใใใ็ฅใใใใฎใพใพใงใฏใใพใ ็ฅใใชใ็ถๆ ใใ็ฅใ็ถๆ ใธใฎๅคๅใใ่กจใใฎใงใใไปใ็ฅใฃใฆใใใใจใฏ่จใใชใใฎใงใใ
Q2: ใๅใใใใจใ็ฅใฃใฆใใใใฎ้ใใฏไฝใงใใ๏ผ (Ano ang pinagkaiba ng “wakaru” at “shitte iru”?)
Answer: ใๅใใใay para sa pag-unawa (comprehension), samantalang ใ็ฅใฃใฆใใใay para sa pagkakaroon ng kaalaman tungkol sa isang tao, bagay, o katotohanan. Halimbawa, “Nihongo ga wakarimasu” = naiintindihan ko ang Japanese; “Nihongo o shitte imasu” = alam ko ang Japanese (bilang isang wika). Hindi mo kailangang maintindihan ang isang bagay para malaman mo ito.
็ฐกๅใซ่จใใจใใ็ฅใฃใฆใใใใฏ็ฅ่ญใฎๆ็กใใๅใใใใฏ็่งฃใฎๆ็กใไพใใฐใ็งใฏใใฉใณใน่ชใฎๅ่ชใๅฐใ็ฅใฃใฆใใพใใใใใฉใณใน่ชใๅใใใใใงใฏใใใพใใใ
Q3: ใ็ฐไธญใใใๅใใใพใใใฏๆญฃใใๆฅๆฌ่ชใงใใ๏ผ (Tama ba ang “Tanaka-san o wakarimasu”?)
Answer: Sa karaniwang gamit, hindi ito natural. Ang particle na โใโ ay ginagamit sa โ็ฅใฃใฆใใพใโ (o shitte imasu) para sa object ng pagkakaalam. Para sa โๅใใใพใโ, ang natural na particle ay โใโ (ga), at ang ibig sabihin ay โnaiintindihan ko si Mr. Tanakaโ (hal. ang kanyang sinasabi o nararamdaman). Kung gusto mong sabihing kilala mo siya bilang tao, โ็ฐไธญใใใ็ฅใฃใฆใใพใโ ang tama.
ใ็ฐไธญใใใๅใใใพใใใฏๆๆณ็ใซๅฏ่ฝใงใใใ้ๅธธใฏใ็ฐไธญใใใๅใใใพใใใจ่จใใๆๅณใฏใ็ฐไธญใใใฎ่จใฃใฆใใใใจใๅใใใใจใใใใใซใๅฏพ่ฑกใฎ็่งฃใ่กจใใพใใใ็ฐไธญใใใ็ฅใฃใฆใใพใใใจใฏๅฅใใฎใงใใๆณจๆใใพใใใใ
Maraming salamat sa pagbabasa, ka-Nihongo! Sana ay mas lumiwanag na ang pagkakaiba ng shirimasu at wakarimasu. Kung may tanong pa, huwag mahiyang mag-reach out sa amin. At kung gusto mong mas mapalalim ang iyong kaalaman sa Japanese grammar, vocabulary, at culture, bisitahin ang aming mga iba pang blog posts o mag-enroll sa aming mga klase dito sa SAMURAI Japan Business Center. We offer interactive lessons and real-world practice para mas lumakas ang iyong Nihongo skills!
ใใฎ่จไบใ่ชญใใงใๅฐใใงใใ็ฅใฃใฆใใพใใใจใๅใใใพใใใฎไฝฟใๆนใๅใใฃใใชใๅฌใใใงใใใใฃใจๅๅผทใใใๆนใฏใ็งใใกใฎๆๆณใใญใฐใใใฒใ่ฆงใใ ใใใใใใงใฏใใพใๆฌกๅใฎใฌใในใณใงใไผใใใพใใใ๏ผ ใใใใจใใใใใพใใ๏ผ
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